Application of Nanotechnology in Everyday Life
Nanotechnology is the study of science, engineering, and technology at the nanoscale, which is measured in nanometers. Many technological and industry sectors are benefiting from nanotechnology, including information technology, homeland security, medical, transportation, energy, food safety, and environmental research, to name a few.
It has numerous application in everyday life science and medicine. Nanotechnology are the study and application of extremely small things and can be used across all other scientific fields like Chemistry, Biology, Physics and Engineering.
Table of contents
1. Biological application of Nanotechnology in Medicine
Nanomaterials are increasingly seen as a very promising means of eradicating bacterial, fungal, and viral diseases. They are used as catalysts, bioremediation components, and pseudo-enzymes in addition to their antibiotic, antifungal, and antiviral properties.
Developing novel approaches for illness prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Used to deliver drugs to cancer cells. The nanoparticles have been tailored to attract sick cells, allowing for direct treatment of those cells. This approach helps to protect the body's healthy cells. Nanoparticles can carry drugs to the exact spot where they're needed, with minimal toxicity to surrounding tissue.
Surgery could benefit from nanotechnology. Nano surgery can give minimum operations that reduce tissue harm and result in faster rehabilitation. Surgical instruments are created using nanotechnology. Plastic surgery used nano needles as well. Nanotechnology aids in illness diagnosis and imaging. Imaging agents were combined with nanoparticles. They emit fluorescence with distinct wave lengths when they connect. Aids surgeons and radiographers in detecting cancer at an early stage. The use of 3D printing technology aids in the creation of better equipment.
2. Nanobiotechnology used in tissue engineering
Tissue engineering has benefited from the development of nanoparticle-based synthetic bone. In the bone tissue engineering, bio nanomaterials were employed. It aids in the reconstruction and replacement of soft tissue. Tissue engineering has also used carbon nanotubes.
Nano silver wound dressing :- Due to their vast range of uses in the biomedical arena, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have recently become particularly appealing to the scientific community. AgNPs reduced biofilm formation and had substantial antibacterial efficacy against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. They've been discovered to be particularly helpful at encouraging wound healing. In this method, silver nanoparticles were employed. Reduce the time spent in the hospital.Nano robots :- used to treat cancer. Aids in medicine delivery and diagnostics. Surgical nanorobots are implanted into human bodies and guided by human surgeons. Nanorobots have also been utilised to treat genetic disorders.Quantum dots :- Cancer detection is aided by spherical nanosized crystals.Carbon nanotubes :- For brain healing, carbon nanotube rope is employed.Nanowires :- A tool such as a nanowire can detect cancer-related compounds. It aids in the detection of molecular alterations, even if they only occur in a tiny fraction of cases. This would aid in the diagnosis of cancer in its early stages.Dendrimer :- used in drug delivery.Nano biosensors :- were utilised to detect events and occurring on the nanoscale.
3. Nanotechnology used in Electronics
Nanotechnology has reduced the size of transistors, the basic switches that enable all modern computing. A typical transistor was 130 to 250 nanometers in size at the turn of the century. Quantum dots are being used in ultra-high definition displays and televisions to provide more brilliant colours while being more energy efficient. Assists in the creation of electronic devices that are lighter and consume less energy.
Nanoparticle copper suspensions have been designed as a safer, less expensive, and more dependable substitute to lead-based solder and other dangerous compounds frequently used in the manufacturing process to fuse electronics. Nanotechnology was employed to increase the memory chip density.
4. Nanotechnology used in Environment
The use of nanotechnology-enabled gas lift valves in offshore operations, or the use of nanoparticles to detect small down-well oil pipeline fractures, are examples of how nanotechnology is being used in oil and gas extraction.
For energy-efficient desalination, engineers developed a thin film membrane incorporating nanopores. This molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) layer filtered two to five times the amount of water as contemporary filters.
Nanotechnology has been utilised to improve the creation of materials that produce less pollution. Increasing the amount of electricity produced by wind turbines. Other new types of batteries are already being developed using nanotechnology, including ones that charge faster, are more efficient, are lighter in weight, have a better power density, and maintain an electrical charge for longer. To enhance the amount of electricity generated by windmills, an epoxy containing carbon nanotubes is being utilised to build blades that are longer, stronger, and lighter-weight than conventional blades.
Solar cells are made to generate power.
5. Application of nanotechnology in cloth industry.
Fabric containing silver nanoparticles was used to remove bacteria and make clothing odour resistant. UV absorber-treated fabric deflects the sun's harmful ultraviolet rays, lowering a person's UVR exposure and protecting the skin from potential damage. Water repellence, soil resistance, wrinkle resistance, anti-bacterial, anti-static, and UV protection, flame retardation, improved dye ability, and self-cleaning materials are just a few of the features imparted to textiles by nanotechnology.
6. Application of nanotechnology in Cosmetics.
Nanoparticles are used in skin care products to deliver vitamins deeper into the skin. The active element in this chemical-free sunscreen was titanium dioxide nanoparticles.
Nanotechnology may one day help us reverse ageing at the cellular level. Until then, we'll have to make do with the ways nanotechnology is being employed in cosmetics to keep our skin looking young and protect us from dangerous UV rays.
Nutrients are encapsulated in nanoparticles suspended in a liquid to form a nanoemulsion, which is used in skin care products. Nanoparticles have a smaller size than particles in traditional emulsions, allowing them to penetrate deeper into the skin and provide nutrients to more layers of skin cells. Lotions that supply nutrients to boost hair development using nanoparticles called ethosomes.
Application of nanotechnology in Food industry.
Nanotechnology has applications in agriculture, including, nano formulations of agrochemicals for applying pesticides and fertilizer’s for crop improvement. The use of nano sensors in crop protection for detecting diseases and agrochemical residues.
Edible nanostructured components are used in a variety of applications, ranging from food manufacturing to food packaging. These nanostructures can be employed as preservatives, carriers for smart nutrition delivery, anti-caking agents, antibacterial agents, and fillers to improve the mechanical strength and durability of packaging materials in food processing, while food nanosensing can be utilised to improve food quality. It aids in the extension of the shell life of a variety of food commodities.
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